Temple of the Sun and Moon: Mysterious constructions inside Machu Picchu

Machu Picchu is an ancient Inca citadel located in modern-day Peru. The site is situated on a mountain ridge above the Urubamba River valley and is surrounded by lush, green jungle. The citadel was built in the 15th century and was abandoned one century later. It was rediscovered in 1911 by American explorer Hiram Bingham.

Machu Picchu is one of the most popular tourist destinations in Peru. The site is home to numerous Incan ruins, including temples, palaces, and residential dwellings. Visitors can also see the remains of an Incan water system and agricultural terraces. In this article, we dive deep into the history of the Temple of the Sun and Temple of the Moon, and what they might have meant for the Incas.

What will you find here?

1. Temple of the Sun
2. What was the purpose of the Temple of the Sun?
3. Where is located the Temple of the Sun?
4. Temple of the Moon
5. Where is located the Temple of the Moon?
6. How can I visit these temples?

Temple of the Sun

The Temple of the Sun is one of the most prominent structures at Machu Picchu. It is believed to have been used for astronomical purposes, as well as for religious ceremonies. It is a semicircular building erected on a huge solid rock in the religious sector. Under the solid rock there is a natural cave that was also carved and adapted for it to be a royal tomb.

Due to its high location and its fine carving, it is considered a religious building to worship the sun. The Temple of the Sun was intended to pay homage and give offerings to the sun. In addition, in the lower part, there was a cave that would have served as a tomb or mausoleum.

What was the purpose of the Temple of the Sun?

This temple served as an astronomical observatory where it was possible to determine exactly the arrival of the solstices and the changes of season (this due to the strategic position of the windows). In the center of the temple is an altar carved in rock where religious ceremonies in honor of the sun were probably performed. During sunrise on the summer solstices, the two windows cast shadows on the central rock of the temple.

It is the only construction of the Inca city that has a circular shape. It also has windows, niches and an entrance door. According to some chroniclers, the mummy of the famous Inca emperor Pachacutec, who ordered the construction of Machu Picchu, was buried there.

Where is located the Temple of the Sun?

Temple of the Moon

If you have already been to Machu Picchu and you do not remember having seen this temple, the reason is very simple: the Temple of the Moon is not located precisely in the Inca city, but in Huayna Picchu.

The Great Cavern (usually called 'Temple of the Moon') is one of the most incredible constructions inside Machu Picchu. It is built inside a natural cave. It has finely carved lithic structures. The Incas were huge fans of caves since they believed that they could connect them with the underworld or the world of the dead.

The route runs through narrow stone paths, so we strongly recommended using both hands to hold on to the rocks. There is also a flight of wooden stairs that require a lot of care. In the center of the Temple of the Moon there is a throne-like surface. Some researchers suggest that sacrifices could be made there. However, there is no clear idea of ​​what the function of the Temple of the Moon really  was in the past.

Where is located the Temple of the Moon?

The Temple of the Moon is located at the back of Huayna Picchu, almost 0.6 miles (1 kilometer) from the top of the mountain. The top of Huayna Picchu mountain is 8900 feet  (2,720 meters) above sea level while the temple is at 7400 feet (2,256 meters) above sea level. From the top of Huayna Picchu to the Temple of the Moon you walk 0.5 miles (900 meters). The journey can take 30 minutes or more, depending on the pace that the visitor follows when walking. This route is mainly downhill.

How can I visit these temples?

Visiting the iconic Temples of the Sun and the Moon at Machu Picchu involves a strategic approach to make the most of this awe-inspiring experience. Begin by securing your entrance tickets well in advance, considering the daily visitor limits imposed to preserve the site's integrity, and if you are going to visit the Temple of the Moon, you need to buy an entrance ticket to Huayna Picchu, as you can only get there from the mountain.

To reach Machu Picchu, take a train from Cusco or Ollantaytambo to Aguas Calientes, the gateway town. From there, a bus or a scenic yet challenging hike leads you to the entrance of Machu Picchu.

Once inside the archaeological site, follow the well-marked pathways through the Urban Sector to discover the Temples of the Sun and the Moon. Engaging the services of a knowledgeable guide is highly recommended, as they provide historical context and insights into the spiritual significance of these ancient structures. The guide enhances your exploration, unraveling the mysteries encapsulated within the Temples of the Sun and the Moon. By adhering to this practical guide, your visit to Machu Picchu's revered temples becomes a memorable and enriching experience, connecting you with the profound history and celestial wisdom woven into the fabric of this extraordinary Incan citade

Machu Picchu is a must-see for anyone visiting Peru. The site offers stunning views of the surrounding jungle and mountains, as well as a glimpse into the ancient Incan civilization. It is home to numerous temples that still mystify archaeologists and that will amaze you. 

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